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Individual capitalists, in short, behave in such a way as to threaten the conditions that permit the reproduction of the capitalist class.
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Individual capitalists, in short, necessarily act in such a way as to de-stabilize capitalism.
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But the net effect of increasing scale, centralization of capital, vertical integration and diversification within the corporate form of enterprise has been to replace the 'invisible hand' of the market by the 'visible hand' of the managers.
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Perpetual revolutions in technology can mean the devaluation of fixed capital on an extensive scale.
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All rent is based on the monopoly power of private owners of certain portions of the globe.
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The net worth of the 358 richest people in the world was then found to be 'equal to the combined income of the poorest 45 per cent of the worlds population - 2.3 billion people.'
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But planned obsolescence is possible only if the rate of technological change is contained.
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Technological change can become 'fetishized' as a 'thing in itself', as an exogenous guiding force in the history of capitalism.
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The social relations of capitalism have penetrated slowly into all spheres of life to make wage labour the general condition of existence only in fairly recent times.
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The onset of a crisis is usually triggered by a spectacular failure which shakes confidence in fictitious forms of capital.
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When money functions as measure of value it must truly represent the values it helps to circulate.
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' workers then have a strong stake in the preservation of the very system that exploits them because the destruction of that system entails the destruction of their savings.'
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If all money capital invests in appropriation and none in actual production, than capitalism is not long for this world.
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A work of this sort admits no conclusion.
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Because the earth is not a product of labour it cannot have a value.
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Speculation in land may be necessary to capitalism, but speculative orgies periodically become a quagmire of destruction for capital itself.
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If, for example, a conspiratorially minded elite is so powerful, has at its fingertips such multiple and delicate instruments with which to fine-tune accumulation, then how can the periodic headlong slides into crisis be explained?
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Capital creates space-time.
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The invocation of social necessity should alert us. It contains the seeds for Marx's critique of political economy as well as for his dissection of capitalism.
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Money must exist before it can be turned into capital.
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The capacity to transform itself from the inside makes capitalism a somewhat peculiar beast - chameleon-like, it perpetually changes it colour; snake-like, it periodically sheds its skin.
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Rampant inflation is just as hard to live with as the devaluation of commodities.
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The dominant notion of rationality is a capitalist notion of rationality, that is, whatever is profitable, whatever can be organised in terms of social control of labour-power and control of natural resources.
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The geographical movement of money and commodities as capital is not the same as the movements of products and of precious metals. Capital is, after all, money used in a certain way, and is by no means identical with all money uses.