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Whenever, then, the usual and ordinary rate of the profits of agricultural stock, and all the outgoings belonging to the cultivation of land, are together equal to the value of the whole produce, there can be no rent.
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There can be no greater error then in supposing that capital is increased by non-consumption.
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Money is neither a material to work upon nor a tool to work with.
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The facility of obtaining food is beneficial in two ways to the owners of capital, it at the same time raises profits and increases the amount of consumable commodities.
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It is not by the absolute quantity of produce obtained by either class, that we can correctly judge of the rate of profit, rent, and wages, but by the quantity of labour required to obtain that produce.
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After all the fertile land in the immediate neighbourhood of the first settlers were cultivated, if capital and population increased, more food would be required, and it could only be procured from land not so advantageously situated.
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Rent is that portion of the produce of the earth which is paid to the landlord for the use of the original and indestructible powers of the soil.
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Gold, on the contrary, though of little use compared with air or water, will exchange for a great quantity of other goods.