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Never in history was there a method devised of such efficacy for setting each country's advantage at variance with its neighbours' as the international gold standard.
John Maynard Keynes
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All production is for the purpose of ultimately satisfying a consumer.
John Maynard Keynes
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Whenever you save five shillings you put a man out of work for a day.
John Maynard Keynes
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Jevons saw the kettle boil and cried out with the delighted voice of a child; Marshall too had seen the kettle boil and sat down silently to build an engine.
John Maynard Keynes
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The study of economics does not seem to require any specialised gifts of an unusually high order.
John Maynard Keynes
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But whilst there may be intrinsic reasons for the scarcity of land, there are no intrinsic reasons for the scarcity of capital.
John Maynard Keynes
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The central principle of investment is to go contrary to the general opinion, on the grounds that if everyone agreed about its merits, the investment is inevitably too dear and therefore unattractive.
John Maynard Keynes
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For each individual it is a great advantage to retain the rights over the fruits of his labour even though he must put off the enjoyment of them. His personal wealth is thus increased. For that is what wealth is,-command of the right to postponed consumption.
John Maynard Keynes
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The division of the spoils between the victors will also provide employment for a powerful office, whose doorsteps the greedy adventurers and jealous concession hunters of twenty or thirty nations will crowd and defile.
John Maynard Keynes
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There were endless possibilities, not out of reach.
John Maynard Keynes
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I believe that the future will learn more from the spirit of Gesell than from that of Marx .
John Maynard Keynes
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By what modus operandi does credit restriction attain this result? In no other way than by the deliberate intensification of unemployment.
John Maynard Keynes
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Words ought to be a little wild, for they are the assaults of thoughts on the unthinking.
John Maynard Keynes
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I expect to see the State, which is in a position to calculate the marginal efficiency of capital-goods on long views and on the basis of the general social advantage, taking an ever greater responsibility for directly organizing investments.
John Maynard Keynes
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If we consistently act on the optimistic hypothesis, this hypothesis will tend to be realised; whilst by acting on the pessimistic hypothesis we can keep ourselves for ever in the pit of want.
John Maynard Keynes
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I was suffering from my chronic delusion that one good share is safer than ten bad ones, and I am always forgetting that hardly anyone else shares this particular delusion.
John Maynard Keynes
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Well, when I get new information, I rethink my position. What, sir, do you do with new information?
John Maynard Keynes
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Professional investment may be likened to those newspaper competitions in which the competitors have to pick out the six prettiest faces from a hundred photographs, the prize being awarded to the competitor whose choice most nearly corresponds to the average preferences of the competitors as a whole.
John Maynard Keynes
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Nothing can preserve the integrity of contact between individuals, except a discretionary authority in the state to revise what has become intolerable. The powers of uninterrupted usury are too great. If the accretions of vested interests were to grow without mitigation for many generations, half the population would be no better than slaves to the other half.
John Maynard Keynes
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Variant reported in Time magazine, Monday, Feb. 17, 1947
John Maynard Keynes
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The power to become habituated to his surroundings is a marked characteristic of mankind.
John Maynard Keynes
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I do not know which makes a man more conservative - to know nothing but the present, or nothing but the past.
John Maynard Keynes
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Chess is a cure for headaches.
John Maynard Keynes
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The biggest problem is not to let people accept new ideas, but to let them forget the old ones.
John Maynard Keynes
