Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani (Persian: اکبر هاشمی رفسنجانی, translit. Akbar Hāshemī Rafsanjānī About this sound pronunciation (help·info) or Hashemi Bahramani, often mistakenly known as Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani ; 25 August 1934 – 8 January 2017) was an influential Iranian politician, writer and one of the founding fathers of the Islamic Republic who was the fourth President of Iran from 3 August 1989 until 3 August 1997. He was the head of the Assembly of Experts from 2007 until 2011, when he decided not to nominate himself for the post. He was also the chairman of the Expediency Discernment Council.
