Albert Bandura Quotes
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A problem of future research is to clarify how young children learn what type of social comparative information is most useful for efficacy evaluation.
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Psychology cannot tell people how they ought to live their lives. It can however, provide them with the means for effecting personal and social change.
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Perceived self-efficacy also shapes causal thinking. In seeking solutions to difficult problems, those who perceived themselves as highly efficacious are inclined to attribute their failures to insufficient effort, whereas those of comparable skills but lower perceived self-efficacy ascribe their failures to deficient ability.
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Once established, reputations do not easily change.
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By exercising control over a few healthy habits, people can live longer, healthier lives and slow the process of aging.
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People who regard themselves as highly efficacious act, think, and feel differently from those who perceive themselves as inefficacious. They produce their own future, rather than simply foretell it.
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Self-appraisals of efficacy are reasonably accurate, but they diverge from action because people do not know fully what they will have to do, lack information for regulating their effort, or are hindered by external factors from doing what they can.
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Even noteworthy performance attainments do not necessarily boost perceived self-efficacy.
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In the self-appraisal of efficacy, there are many sources of information that must be processed and weighed through self-referent thought.
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Discrepancies between self-efficacy judgment and performance will arise when either the tasks or the circumstances under which they are performed are ambiguous.
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Indeed there are many competent people who are plagued by a sense of inefficacy, and many less competent ones who remain unperturbed by impending threats because they are self-assured of their coping capabilities.
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Even the self-assured will raise their perceived self-efficacy if models teach them better ways of doing things.
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When people are not aiming for anything in particular or when they cannot monitor their performance, there is little basis for translating perceived efficacy into appropriate magnitudes of effort.
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Such self-referent misgivings creates stress and undermine effective use of the competencies people possess by diverting attention from how best to proceed to concern over personal failings and possible mishaps.
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The Iowa Psychology Department was not Mr. Rogers' Neighborhood. It was, indeed, an intellectually lively and demanding place where major theoretical issues were pursued with a passion. It was refreshingly free of colorless eclecticism.
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People who believe they have the power to exercise some measure of control over their lives are healthier, more effective and more successful than those who lack faith in their ability to effect changes in their lives.
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Dysfunctions can occur in each of the self-regulatory subfunctions-in how personal experiences are self-monitored and cognitively processed, in the evaluative self-standards that are adopted, and in the evaluative self-reactions to one's own behavior.. Problems at any one of these points can create self-dissatisfactions and dejection. dysfunctions in all aspects of the self system are most apt to produce the most chronic self-disparagement and despondency.
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As a general rule, moderate levels of arousal facilitate deployment of skills, whereas high arousal disrupts it. This is especially true of complex activities requiring intricate organization of behavior.
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Freedom [should not be] conceived negatively as exemption from social influences or situational constraints. Rather...positively as the exercise of self-influence to bring about desired results.
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People not only gain understanding through reflection, they evaluate and alter their own thinking.